Invention Review

Critical and Objective Review of Interesting Inventions

Thursday, February 6, 2014

Patents & Literature: Whole Body Vibration Devices / Power Plate / Ogawa-OSIM-AIBI-OTO

Motivation
About a year ago, I brought an apparatus call ezTone for home physiotherapy use.

This morning, I was curious as to what do the patent & scientific literature inform us regarding this apparatus?


About Whole Body Vibration
Generally, this apparatus is to enable a Whole Body Vibration (WBV). 

From Wikipedia, WBV "refers to the transmission to the human body of low frequency environmental vibration in the range of 0.5 to 80 Hz through a broad contact area, such as the feet when standing, the buttocks when sitting, or the reclining body when in contact with the vibrating surface. Whole body vibration may refer to vibration training, also known as vibration therapy, biomechanical stimulation (BMS), and biomechanical oscillation (BMO), a training method employing low amplitude, low frequency mechanical stimulation to exercise musculoskeletal structures for the improvement of muscle strength, power, and flexibility. Vibration training has been advocated as a therapeutic method in the treatment of osteoperosis, sarcopenia, and metabolic syndrome, and is used in the fitness industry, physical therapy, rehabilitation, professional sports, and beauty and wellness applications."


About Power-Plate, Performance Health Systems LLC and Patents
In the US, there is a similar (and more popular) apparatus known as Power-Plate, which pretty much describes the general features of ezTone. From Wikipedia again, "Power Plate is a brand of vibrating platform used as exercise equipment. It consists of a vibrating base, which may vibrate up and down approximately 1 to 2 millimetres (39 to 79 thou) (1/16") 25 to 50 times per second."

This is a list of patents belonging to the owner of Power-Plate, "Performance Health Systems LLC":
  1. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE 2010a, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, US7780574 B2.
  2. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE 2010b, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, US7775937 B2.
  3. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE  2010c, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, US7806806 B2.
  4. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE  2011, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, US7959540 B2.
  5. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE  2012a, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, CA2833373 A1.
  6. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE 2012b, Apparatus for administering an exercise program, CA142936 S. 
  7. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE  2013a, Apparatus for administering an exercise program, USD679349 S1.
  8. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE  2013b, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, WO2012145699 A3.
  9. Jaquish, JP, Mccoy, JW & Jaquish, PE 2007a, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, WO2007048009 A3.
  10. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE   2007b, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, CA2626668 A1.
  11. Jaquish, JP & Jaquish, PE   2008, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, EP1945322 A2.
  12. Jaquish, JP, McCoy, JW & Jaquish, PE 2010, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, US7753825 B2.
  13. Jaquish, PE & Jaquish, JP 2012, Systems and methods for administering an exercise program, US20120040799 A1.
  14. Tempelaars, JT 2014, Training system for training a body part of a user, EP2685955 A1.

Whole Body Vibration (WBV) related Patents
A global patent search on WBV related patents yielded a couple of hundred of hits (clustered based on patent family), and the patent landscape animation below is the visualisation of these patents. 


Singapore WBV sellers & Potential Patent Infringements
A further search revealed that Ogawa Health-care Pte. Ltd. the seller of ezTone does not have any associated patent. In fact, zero patent found for this company.

While OSIM International Pte. Ltd. has several patents covering its products, the patent for it's WBV product, OSIM uShape seems to be missing.

VBW related products from AIBI are also not protected by patents. Same case for OTO Bodycare Pte. Ltd.

I have a bad feeling for these VBW sellers as we could have several cases of patent infringements here.


30 Years of WBV Literature (1984-2014)
Aaboe, J, Trans, T, Lund, H, Henriksen, M, Christensen, R, Danneskiold-Samsø, B, Bliddal, H & Kiens, B 2007, ‘Is Whole-Body Vibration (WBV) Exercise Or WBV Exercise Combined With Balance Exercise In Female Patients With Osteoarthritis In The Knee A Potential Rehabilitation Intervention?’, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, vol. 15, Supplement C, pp. C219–C220.
Adelstein, BD, Kaiser, MK, Beutter, BR, McCann, RS & Anderson, MR 2013, ‘Display strobing: An effective countermeasure against visual blur from whole-body vibration’, Acta Astronautica, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 53–64.
Alizadeh-Meghrazi, M, Masani, K, Popovic, MR & Craven, BC 2012, ‘Whole-Body Vibration During Passive Standing in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Effects of Plate Choice, Frequency, Amplitude, and Subject’s Posture on Vibration Propagation’, PM&R, vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 963–975.
Arora, N & Grenier, SG 2013, ‘Acute effects of whole body vibration on directionality and reaction time latency of trunk muscles: The importance of rest and implications for spine stability’, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 394–401.
Avelar, NCP, Ribeiro, VGC, Mezêncio, B, Fonseca, SF, Tossige-Gomes, R, da Costa, SJ, Szmuchrowski, L, Gripp, F, Coimbra, CC & Lacerda, ACR 2013, ‘Influence of the knee flexion on muscle activation and transmissibility during whole body vibration’, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 844–850.
Basri, B & Griffin, MJ 2013, ‘Predicting discomfort from whole-body vertical vibration when sitting with an inclined backrest’, Applied Ergonomics, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 423–434.
Beaudart, C, Buckinx, F, Maquet, D, Crielaard, J-M, Reginster, J-Y & Bruyère, O 2013, ‘What are the clinical characteristics of patients improving their gait and body balance with whole body vibration? Results of a 3-month randomized controlled trial’, European Geriatric Medicine, vol. 4, Supplement 1, p. S53.
Beck, BR & Norling, TL 2009, ‘Effects of 8 months of twice-weekly high versus low intensity whole body vibration on risk factors for hip fracture in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial’, Bone, vol. 44, Supplement 1, pp. S70–S71.
Bemben, DA, Palmer, IJ, Bemben, MG & Knehans, AW 2010, ‘Effects of combined whole-body vibration and resistance training on muscular strength and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women’, Bone, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 650–656.
Berdel, HO, Moore, D, Davis, F, Liu, JY, Yin, H, Mozaffari, M, Yu, JC & Baban, B 2014, ‘The effect of Whole Body Vibration on Life Expectancy, Cell Damage and Inflammation in a Murine Model’, Journal of Surgical Research, vol. 186, no. 2, p. 499.
Bertschinger, DR & Dosso, A 2008, ‘Hémorragie intra-vitréenne et « whole-body vibration training » — une association ?’, Journal Français d’Ophtalmologie, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 790.e1–790.e3.
Bhiwapurkar, MK, Saran, VH & Harsha, SP 2011, ‘Objective and subjective responses of seated subjects while reading Hindi newspaper under multi axis whole-body vibration’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 625–633.
Bogaerts, A, Delecluse, C, Boonen, S, Claessens, AL, Milisen, K & Verschueren, SMP 2011, ‘Changes in balance, functional performance and fall risk following whole body vibration training and vitamin D supplementation in institutionalized elderly women. A 6 month randomized controlled trial’, Gait & Posture, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 466–472.
Bogaerts, A, Verschueren, S, Delecluse, C, Claessens, AL & Boonen, S 2007, ‘Effects of whole body vibration training on postural control in older individuals: A 1 year randomized controlled trial’, Gait & Posture, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 309–316.
Boileau, P-E, Turcot, D & Scory, H 1989, ‘Evaluation of whole-body vibration exposure using a fourth power method and comparison with ISO 2631’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 129, no. 1, pp. 143–154.
Boshuizen, HC, Bongers, PM & Hulshof, CTJ 1990, ‘Back disorders and occupational exposure to whole-body vibration’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 55–59.
Boucher, J-A, Abboud, J, Dubois, J-D, Legault, E, Descarreaux, M & Henchoz, Y 2013, ‘Trunk Neuromuscular Responses to a Single Whole-Body Vibration Session in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study’, Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 564–571.
Boughdadi, FA, Said, HA, Salama-Younes, M & Qatwan, NHS 2010, ‘Modern therapeutic methods and high technology (Power Plate and resistance exercise) for osteoporosis hindered’, Journal of Men’s Health, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 286.
Bressel, E, Smith, G & Branscomb, J 2010, ‘Transmission of whole body vibration in children while standing’, Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 181–186.
Brogårdh, C, Flansbjer, U-B & Lexell, J 2010, ‘No Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Muscle Strength and Gait Performance in Persons With Late Effects of Polio: A Pilot Study’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 91, no. 9, pp. 1474–1477.
― 2012, ‘No Specific Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Training in Chronic Stroke: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 253–258.
Bruyere, O, Wuidart, M-A, Di Palma, E, Gourlay, M, Ethgen, O, Richy, F & Reginster, J-Y 2005, ‘Controlled whole body vibration to decrease fall risk and improve health-related quality of life of nursing home residents’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 303–307.
Buckinx, F, Beaudart, C, Demonceau, M, Maquet, D, Crielaard, J-M, Reginster, J-Y & Bruyère, O 2013, ‘Impact of a 6-month training by whole body vibration on functional and motor abilities among nursing home residents observed over a 12-months period’, European Geriatric Medicine, vol. 4, Supplement 1, pp. S54–S55.
Chang, Y-J, Yeh, W-H, Chuang, Y-F, Hsu, M-J & Fang, C-Y 2013, ‘Whole body vibration training improved balance and coordination of individuals with spinocerebellar /INS;ataxia’, Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 333, Supplement 1, pp. e540–e541.
Chen, C-H, Liu, C, Chuang, L-R, Chung, P-H & Shiang, T-Y 2014, ‘Chronic effects of whole-body vibration on jumping performance and body balance using different frequencies and amplitudes with identical acceleration load’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 107–112.
Cheung, W-H, Mok, H-W, Qin, L, Sze, P-C, Lee, K-M & Leung, K-S 2007, ‘High-Frequency Whole-Body Vibration Improves Balancing Ability in Elderly Women’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 88, no. 7, pp. 852–857.
Chuang, L-R & Shiang, T-Y 2007, ‘The training effects of 10 weeks whole body vibration (WBV) stimulus on Shan-shou athletes’, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 40, Supplement 2, p. S356.
Cochrane, DJ, Sartor, F, Winwood, K, Stannard, SR, Narici, MV & Rittweger, J 2008, ‘A Comparison of the Physiologic Effects of Acute Whole-Body Vibration Exercise in Young and Older People’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 815–821.
Cornelius, KM, Redfern, MS & Steiner, LJ 1994, ‘Postural stability after whole-body vibration exposure’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 343–351.
Crewther, B, Cronin, J & Keogh, J 2004, ‘Gravitational forces and whole body vibration: implications for prescription of vibratory stimulation’, Physical Therapy in Sport, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 37–43.
Crow, J, Buttifant, D, Kearney, S & Hrysomallis, C 2010, ‘Gluteal muscle group activation vs. whole body vibration: What are the acute effects on explosive power?’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 13, Supplement 1, p. e102.
Despina, T, George, D, George, T, Sotiris, P, Alessandra, DC, George, K, Maria, R & Stavros, K 2013, ‘Short-term effect of whole-body vibration training on balance, flexibility and lower limb explosive strength in elite rhythmic gymnasts’, Human Movement Science, viewed 6 February 2014, .
Ebid, AA, Ahmed, MT, Mahmoud Eid, M & Mohamed, MSE 2012, ‘Effect of whole body vibration on leg muscle strength after healed burns: A randomized controlled trial’, Burns, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 1019–1026.
El-Khatib, A & Guillon, F 2001, ‘Lumbar intradiscal pressure and whole-body vibration – first results’, Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 16, Supplement 1, pp. S127–S134.
Fernandes, IA, Kawchuk, G, Bhambhani, Y & Gomes, PSC 2013, ‘Does whole-body vibration acutely improve power performance via increased short latency stretch reflex response?’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 360–364.
Fjeldstad, C, Palmer, IJ, Bemben, MG & Bemben, DA 2009, ‘Whole-body vibration augments resistance training effects on body composition in postmenopausal women’, Maturitas, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 79–83.
Fratini, A, Bifulco, P, Romano, M, Clemente, F & Cesarelli, M 2014, ‘Simulation of surface EMG for the analysis of muscle activity during whole body vibratory stimulation’, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, vol. 113, no. 1, pp. 314–322.
Gerodimos, V, Zafeiridis, A, Karatrantou, K, Vasilopoulou, T, Chanou, K & Pispirikou, E 2010, ‘The acute effects of different whole-body vibration amplitudes and frequencies on flexibility and vertical jumping performance’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 438–443.
Di Giminiani, R, Masedu, F, Tihanyi, J, Scrimaglio, R & Valenti, M 2013, ‘The interaction between body position and vibration frequency on acute response to whole body vibration’, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 245–251.
Gloeckl, R, Heinzelmann, I, Baeuerle, S, Damm, E, Schwedhelm, A-L, Diril, M, Buhrow, D, Jerrentrup, A & Kenn, K 2012, ‘Effects of whole body vibration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – A randomized controlled trial’, Respiratory Medicine, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 75–83.
Gómez-Cabello, A, González-Agüero, A, Ara, I, Casajús, JA & Vicente-Rodríguez, G 2013, ‘Effects of a short-term whole body vibration intervention on physical fitness in elderly people’, Maturitas, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 276–278.
Gómez-Cabello, A, González-Agüero, A, Morales, S, Ara, I, Casajús, JA & Vicente-Rodríguez, G 2013, ‘Effects of a short-term whole body vibration intervention on bone mass and structure in elderly people’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, viewed 6 February 2014, .
González-Agüero, A, Matute-Llorente, Á, Gómez-Cabello, A, Casajús, JA & Vicente-Rodríguez, G 2013, ‘Effects of whole body vibration training on body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome’, Research in Developmental Disabilities, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 1426–1433.
Griffin, MJ 1990, ‘Measurement and evaluation of whole-body vibration at work’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 45–54.
Griffin, MJ & Hayward, RA 1994, ‘Effects of horizontal whole-body vibration on reading’, Applied Ergonomics, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 165–169.
Harrison, RC, Ward, K, Horne, C & Bishop, NJ 2011, ‘Acute bone response to whole body vibration in pre-pubertal boys’, Bone, vol. 48, Supplement 2, p. S270.
Hinz, B, Blüthner, R, Menzel, G & Seidel, H 1994, ‘Estimation of disc compression during transient whole-body vibration’, Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 263–271.
Hong, J, Barnes, MJ & Kessler, NJ 2011, ‘Case study: Use of vibration therapy in the treatment of diabetic peripheral small fiber neuropathy’, International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, viewed 6 February 2014, .
Huang, Y & Griffin, MJ 2008, ‘Nonlinear dual-axis biodynamic response of the semi-supine human body during longitudinal horizontal whole-body vibration’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 312, no. 1–2, pp. 273–295.
Huang, Y & Griffin, MJ 2014, ‘Comparison of absolute magnitude estimation and relative magnitude estimation for judging the subjective intensity of noise and vibration’, Applied Acoustics, vol. 77, pp. 82–88.
Humphries, B & Fenning, A 2010, ‘A preliminary study on whole-body vibration and resistance training on bone remodeling and exercise metabolism in young women’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 12, Supplement 2, p. e117.
Kapoor, S 2011, ‘Rapidly Emerging Role of Whole Body Vibration Therapy in the Management of Neurologic Diseases Besides Polio’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 92, no. 4, p. 677.
Karatrantou, K, Gerodimos, V, Dipla, K & Zafeiridis, A 2013, ‘Whole-body vibration training improves flexibility, strength profile of knee flexors, and hamstrings-to-quadriceps strength ratio in females’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 477–481.
Kavounoudias, A, Roll, R & Roll, J-P 1999, ‘Specific whole-body shifts induced by frequency-modulated vibrations of human plantar soles’, Neuroscience Letters, vol. 266, no. 3, pp. 181–184.
Keller, BV, Davis, ML, Thompson, WR, Dahners, LE & Weinhold, PS 2013, ‘Varying whole body vibration amplitude differentially affects tendon and ligament structural and material properties’, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1496–1500.
Kennis, E, Verschueren, SM, Bogaerts, A, Coudyzer, W, Boonen, S & Delecluse, C 2013a, ‘Effects of Fitness and Vibration Training on Muscle Quality: A 1-Year Postintervention Follow-Up in Older Men’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 910–918.
Kennis, E, Verschueren, SM, Bogaerts, A, Van Roie, E, Boonen, S & Delecluse, C 2013b, ‘Long-Term Impact of Strength Training on Muscle Strength Characteristics in Older Adults’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 94, no. 11, pp. 2054–2060.
Kessler, NJ & Hong, J 2013, ‘Whole body vibration therapy for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A pilot study’, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 518–522.
Kitisomprayoonkul⁎, W & Siwapituk, W 2010, ‘Effects of 12 weeks treadmill training plus whole body vibration on biochemical markers and physical performances in postmenopausal women’, Bone, vol. 47, Supplement 1, p. S209.
Kjellberg, A & Wikström, B-O 1985, ‘Subjective reactions to whole-body vibration of short duration’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 415–424.
Van Koningsbruggen, S, Semler, O, Schoemu, E & Rietschel, E 2006, ‘Whole Body Vibration — a new therapeutic approach to improve muscle function in CF?’, Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, vol. 5, Supplement 1, p. S14.
Kordi Yoosefinejad, A, Shadmehr, A, Olyaei, G, Talebian, S & Bagheri, H 2014, ‘The effectiveness of a single session of Whole-Body Vibration in improving the balance and the strength in type 2 diabetic patients with mild to moderate degree of peripheral neuropathy: A pilot study’, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 82–86.
Kulkarni, RN, Voglewede, PA & Liu, D 2013, ‘Mechanical vibration inhibits osteoclast formation by reducing DC-STAMP receptor expression in osteoclast precursor cells’, Bone, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 493–498.
Lam, FMH, Liu, KP, Lam, CY, Cheung, SH & Pang, MYC 2013, ‘Transmission of vertical whole-body vibration with different frequencies and postures in healthy young adults’, Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 106–107.
Lau, RWK, Yip, SP & Pang, MYC 2011, ‘A Randomized Controlled Trial to Investigate the Feasibility and Clinical Efficacy of Whole Body Vibration Therapy in Modifying Bone Metabolism and Neuromotor Performance in Individuals with Chronic Stroke’, Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, vol. 29, no. 2, p. 99.
Li, L, Lamis, F & Wilson, SE 2008, ‘Whole-body vibration alters proprioception in the trunk’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 38, no. 9–10, pp. 792–800.
Liao, L-R, Huang, MZ, Lam, FMH & Pang, MYC 2013a, ‘Efficacy of whole-body vibration training on body function, activity, and participation poststroke: A systematic review’, Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, vol. 31, no. 2, p. 106.
Liao, L-R, Ng, GYF, Jones, AYM & Pang, MYC 2013b, ‘Acute effects of whole body vibration on leg muscle activity, oxygen consumption and heart rate in individuals with chronic stroke’, Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 49–50.
Lim, K-B, Kim, DJ, Noh, J, Yoo, J & Moon, J-W 2013, ‘Comparison of Balance Ability Between Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and With and Without Peripheral Neuropathy’, PM&R, viewed 6 February 2014, .
Lund, H, Trans, T, Aaboe, J, Henriksen, M, Christensen, R, Danneskiold-Samsøe, B & Bliddal, H 2006, ‘P350 WHOLE BODY VIBRATION EXERCISE FOR PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA): A COMPARISON OF TWO DEVICES AND A CONTROLGROUP’, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, vol. 14, Supplement B, pp. S188–S189.
Madou, KH & Cronin, JB 2008, ‘The Effects of Whole Body Vibration on Physical and Physiological Capability in Special Populations’, Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 24–38.
Maeda, S, Mansfield, NJ & Shibata, N 2008, ‘Evaluation of subjective responses to whole-body vibration exposure: Effect of frequency content’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 38, no. 5–6, pp. 509–515.
Mandapuram, S, Rakheja, S, Boileau, P-É & Maeda, S 2012, ‘Apparent mass and head vibration transmission responses of seated body to three translational axis vibration’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 268–277.
Marín, PJ, Santos-Lozano, A, Santin-Medeiros, F, Vicente-Rodriguez, G, Casajús, JA, Hazell, TJ & Garatachea, N 2012, ‘Whole-body vibration increases upper and lower body muscle activity in older adults: Potential use of vibration accessories’, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 456–462.
Masoumy, M, Yu, JC, Wenger, KH, Liu, JY, Hsieh, ST, Baban, B & Mozaffari, MS 2013, ‘Attenuating the Inflammatory Changes of Type 2 Diabetes with Whole Body Vibration in a Murine Model’, Journal of Surgical Research, vol. 179, no. 2, p. 190.
Matsumoto, Y & Griffin, MJ 2005, ‘Nonlinear subjective and biodynamic responses to continuous and transient whole-body vibration in the vertical direction’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 287, no. 4–5, pp. 919–937.
Matute-Llorente, Á, González-Agüero, A, Gómez-Cabello, A, Vicente-Rodríguez, G & Casajús Mallén, JA 2014, ‘Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Therapy on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents With Disabilities: A Systematic Review’, Journal of Adolescent Health, viewed 6 February 2014, .
McLeod, RW & Griffin, MJ 1989, ‘Review of the effects of translational whole-body vibration on continuous manual control performance’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 133, no. 1, pp. 55–115.
Mester, J, Kleinöder, H & Yue, Z 2006, ‘Vibration training: benefits and risks’, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1056–1065.
Meusch, J & Rahmatalla, S 2014, ‘Whole-body vibration transmissibility in supine humans: Effects of board litter and neck collar’, Applied Ergonomics, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 677–685.
Middleton, A, Selvadurai, H, Christodoulou, J & Munns, C 2012, ‘Whole body vibration training for children with cystic fibrosis’, Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, vol. 11, Supplement 1, p. S105.
Mikhael, M, Orr, R & Fiatarone Singh, MA 2010, ‘The effect of whole body vibration exposure on muscle or bone morphology and function in older adults: A systematic review of the literature’, Maturitas, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 150–157.
Miyaki, A, Maeda, S, Choi, Y, Akazawa, N, Tanabe, Y, So, R, Tanaka, K & Ajisaka, R 2012, ‘The addition of whole-body vibration to a lifestyle modification on arterial stiffness in overweight and obese women’, Artery Research, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 85–91.
Miyara, K, Matsumoto, S, Uema, T, Hirokawa, T, Noma, T, Shimodozono, M & Kawahira, K 2014, ‘Feasibility of using whole body vibration as a means for controlling spasticity in post-stroke patients: A pilot study’, Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 70–73.
Muir, J, Kiel, DP & Rubin, CT 2013, ‘Safety and severity of accelerations delivered from whole body vibration exercise devices to standing adults’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 526–531.
Nawayseh, N & Griffin, MJ 2003, ‘Non-linear dual-axis biodynamic response to vertical whole-body vibration’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 268, no. 3, pp. 503–523.
Nawayseh, N & Griffin, MJ 2009, ‘A model of the vertical apparent mass and the fore-and-aft cross-axis apparent mass of the human body during vertical whole-body vibration’, Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 319, no. 1–2, pp. 719–730.
Ness, LL & Field-Fote, EC 2009, ‘Whole-body vibration improves walking function in individuals with spinal cord injury: A pilot study’, Gait & Posture, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 436–440.
Newell, GS & Mansfield, NJ 2008, ‘Evaluation of reaction time performance and subjective workload during whole-body vibration exposure while seated in upright and twisted postures with and without armrests’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, vol. 38, no. 5–6, pp. 499–508.
Niehoff, A, Hamann, N, Ratiu, O, Lechner, P, Reuter, S, Brüggemann, G-P, Schönau, E, Bloch, W & Beccard, R 2012, ‘THE INFLUENCE OF WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION AND IGF-I ON MUSCLE PARALYSIS-INDUCED BONE DEGRADATION’, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 45, Supplement 1, p. S109.
Noorloos, D, Tersteeg, L, Tiemessen, IJH, Hulshof, CTJ & Frings-Dresen, MHW 2008, ‘Does body mass index increase the risk of low back pain in a population exposed to whole body vibration?’, Applied Ergonomics, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 779–785.
De Oliveira, CG, Simpson, DM & Nadal, J 2001, ‘Lumbar back muscle activity of helicopter pilots and whole-body vibration’, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 1309–1315.
Orr, R, O’Keefe, K, Selvadurai, H, Cooper, P, Munns, C & Singh, MF 2010, ‘The effect of whole body vibration exposure on muscle function in cystic fibrosis patients—A pilot efficacy trial’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 13, Supplement 1, pp. e102–e103.
Paschold, HW & Sergeev, AV 2009, ‘Whole-body vibration knowledge survey of U.S. occupational safety and health professionals’, Journal of Safety Research, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 171–176.
Patterson, K & Barker, A 2010, ‘Evidence review: Whole body vibration training—Evidence based exercise or fitness fad?’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 13, Supplement 1, pp. e103–e104.
Pel, JJM, Bagheri, J, van Dam, LM, van den Berg-Emons, HJG, Horemans, HLD, Stam, HJ & van der Steen, J 2009, ‘Platform accelerations of three different whole-body vibration devices and the transmission of vertical vibrations to the lower limbs’, Medical Engineering & Physics, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 937–944.
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